Umrah Guide: What is Umrah? Q&A
Umrah literally means “to visit”. In Islam, visits to the holy lands outside the pilgrimage season are called umrah. A person who performs Umrah is called “Mu’tamir”. Umrah is a worship that can be performed at any time of the year, except for the day of Arafat and the four days of Eid al-Adha. It is mandub to perform Umrah in the month of Ramadan. Mendub literally means; It means a job that is loved and encouraged to be done. Although it is recommended to do a mandub act religiously, there is no harm if it is not done. All about Umrah Umrah Guide: “What is Umrah? Q&A” is here.
How to Go for Umrah?
Umrah services in Turkey are provided by the Presidency of Religious Affairs and authorized agencies. After you intend to go for Umrah, it will be sufficient to apply to our Presidency of Religious Affairs or one of the authorized travel agencies. You can review our Umrah prices page to get information about our Umrah tours and to apply.
What is the Ruling of Umrah?
Umrah worship is a muekked sunnah according to the Hanafi and Maliki sects. According to Imam-i Shafii; It is fard al-ayn that must be done once in a lifetime. Fard al-ayn; It is accepted as an obligation that the responsible Muslim must fulfill or that the person must fulfill personally. According to the Hanbali sect, the worship of Umrah is; It is considered an obligation that must be done immediately.
What are the Preparations to be Made for Umrah Worship?
Preparation for Umrah journeys should be done in two ways. The first of these is spiritual preparation, and the second is material preparation. At the point of spiritual preparation; It is very important for the person to be spiritually prepared for this blessed journey. Because Umrah journey is not an ordinary journey. On this sacred journey, to be a guest of the Kaaba, which Almighty Allah calls my home, and to visit the Prophet Muhammad. There is the need to appear in the presence of the Prophet [sallallahu alayhi wasallam].
Hajj and Umrah journeys are very tiring and difficult. There is no such amount of fatigue, hardship and testing in any form of worship. Struggle with the self is essential in these acts of worship. For this reason, Hajj and Umrah have been described as the most virtuous of jihad.
A believer who intends to perform Umrah; One should aim to be patient in holy places, abandon worldly desires, and be an exemplary Muslim in decency and morality, and set out on the Umrah journey within the framework of this perception and understanding.
Just as spiritual preparations are made for Umrah, material preparations should also be made. It is important for the Umrah pilgrim to take enough clothes with him. Since evenings can be cool, especially in Medina-i Münevvere, it would be useful to have a few pieces of long-sleeved clothing in your suitcase.
It is recommended to rest well before your Umrah trip. Umrah pilgrims with serious illnesses; They should put their medications and any reports, if any, in small bags that can be taken on the plane and carried with them, not in the suitcases that go in the luggage of the plane.
The Virtue of Umrah
Those who visit the Kaaba until the day of judgement, Hz. “Labbayk Allahumme Labbeyk!” to Abraham’s [peace be upon him] invitation. They are the ones who answer. These are the chosen servants whom God Almighty [celle celaluhu] loves.
Our Prophet [sallallahu alayhi wasallam] says:
“Hajj pilgrims and those who perform Umrah are Allah’s visitors and messengers who come to him. When they ask Him, He gives them, when they ask for forgiveness, He forgives them, and when they pray to Him, He answers their prayers. When they intercede for someone, their intercession is accepted.” [Ibn Mace; Ibn Hibban; Beyhaki]
It is sunnah to receive prayers from people who are going on Hajj or Umrah and to ask them to share their prayers. As a matter of fact, the Prophet asked permission from the Prophet [sallallahu alayhi wasallam] to perform Umrah. To Omar [radiyallahu anh], our Prophet Muhammad [peace be upon him] said: “Brother! “Can you make room for me in your prayers?” “My brother! Don’t forget us in your prayers!” he said.
Thereupon Hz. Omar [radiyallahu anh] said:
“This was such a prayer request that I would never have been so happy if the world was given to me in return.” [Abu Dawud, Tirmidhi]
Respecting the visitors who come to Harem-i Sharif is a requirement of respect to the Almighty God. Because Beytullah is the house of Almighty Allah, and those who come to visit Beytullah are the guests of God Almighty [celle celaluhu].
During the Umrah journey, the holy grave of our Prophet [peace be upon him] is also visited in Medina. According to what Ibn Omar [radiyallahu anhuma] narrated; Our Prophet [sallallahu alayhi wasallam] has the following good news.
I’m sorry I’m sorry
“He who visits me after my death is as if he visited me while I was alive.”
What is the time for Umrah? When Should It Be Done?
Umrah is a worship that can be performed at any time of the year, except for pilgrimage days. The period between the day of Arafat and the fourth day of Eid-al-Adha is considered as the days of pilgrimage. During the year, Umrah worship usually starts in September and ends with Shawwal Umrah. The quietest periods during the Umrah season are October – November, and the busiest period is the Ramadan period. Ramadan Umrah is considered the most virtuous Umrah.
How to Perform Umrah?
Ihram is entered before the Miqat borders. Accompanied by takbir, analysis, talbiyyah and salawat-ı sharif, one reaches the Kaaba. After the circumambulation around the Kaaba, the circumambulation prayer is performed and the prayer is performed between Safa and Marwa hills. He shaves and takes off ihram. Thus, Umrah is completed. You can read How to Perform Umrah article.
What are the differences between Umrah and Hajj?
The most obvious difference between Hajj and Umrah relates to the time they are performed. Umrah; It is a worship that can be performed at any time of the year, except for the pilgrimage days, whereas the pilgrimage can only be performed on certain days of the year. Visiting Umrah is a muakkad sunnah according to the Hanafi and Maliki sects, and it is obligatory according to the Shafi’i and Hanbali sects. Hajj is one of the 5 pillars of Islam and is obligatory on every able-bodied Muslim.
What are the obligations and obligations of Umrah?
As in every worship in Islam, there are obligations and wajibs that must be taken into consideration during Umrah pilgrimages. Obligatory obligations of Umrah worship; is to enter ihram and perform tawaf. Among these, ihram is a must and circumambulation is a rukun. Saying something and shaving are obligatory acts of Umrah.
Putting on Ihram as an Obligatory Part of Umrah
Umrah is a worship performed by wearing ihram. Entering Ihram; It not only means abandoning our fancy dresses and dressing in two white pieces of cloth called “izar” and “rida”, which resemble a shroud, but also giving up worldly desires and desires and turning our direction to Divine Consent in the integrity of soul and body.
The ihrama cover is a symbol of stripping away from rank and position. A person who enters Ihram must distance himself from his worldly ambitions and desires, just as he distances himself from his fancy clothes.
Ihram literally means “to make haram”. In other words, some behaviors and actions that are not prohibited in normal times are prohibited while in ihram. Entering Ihram differs in style for men and women. Men wear the ihram cloth, including their underwear, just like they would a shroud. However, women’s own clothes are accepted as the ihram cover.
To enter Ihram, you must first perform ablution. If possible, it is necessary to perform ghusl in order to be more virtuous. The person who performs his ablution performs two rakats of ihram prayer and makes the intention.
The intention is as follows: “O Allah, I want to perform Umrah. Make it easy for me and accept it from me.”
After making the intention: “Labbayk Allahumme Labbeyk. Lebbeyke La şerike Leke Lebbeyk. Innel Hamde Ven Blessing Leke Vel Mulk. He recites the talbiyah by saying “La şerike Lek”.
The meaning of talbiyah is as follows: “Here you go, my God. Here you go, you have no partner. Undoubtedly, praise and blessing belong to you. You own the property. You have no partner.”
What is the ruling on the Ihram prayer?
It is sunnah for a person who is in ihram to perform two rakats of ihram prayer. If it is a time for evil, the ihram prayer should not be performed. If it is not performed by forgetting it at the Miqat location, it can also be performed after arriving in Mecca. However, no financial penalty is required. Performing the prayer of the current time replaces these two rakat prayers. It is virtuous to read the “Kafirun” sura after Fatiha in the first rakat of this prayer, and “Ikhlas” sura in the second rakat.
What is the ruling on entering Mecca without ihram?
According to the Hanafi sect, regardless of the purpose, a person who wants to enter the Haram region for the purpose of performing Hajj or Umrah according to the Shafi’i sect must pass the miqat in ihram. If a person who crosses the Miqat border without wearing Ihram, regardless of the reason, while going to Hajj or Umrah, turns back before starting one of the pilgrimage rituals and enters again from a Miqat place for the Aphaqis, wearing Ihram, there is no penalty. If he does not return, according to Hanafis, he puts on ihram from where he is and sacrifices a sheep or a goat. This is called punishment gift. Such sacrifices can be sacrificed on the days of Eid al-Adha, as long as they are sacrificed within the borders of the Harem, or on other days.
What kind of slippers should a person in ihram wear? Can this person wear slippers with arched heels?
While in ihram, the heels and anklebones should be exposed and the upper parts of the feet should not be completely covered. For this purpose, the person wears slippers or something similar that do not fully cover the feet and are open at the back. He can also wear slippers with a belt on the heel, i.e. a strap on the back. A person who wears normal shoes, even though he has the opportunity to wear them, is prohibited from ihram. The penalty also varies depending on the duration of wearing.
What should a person in ihram do if he wears tailored clothing or underwear?
If a person in ihram wears sewn clothes or underwear for a day or a night, he must sacrifice a dam, that is, a sheep. If the duration of clothing is less than one day or one night, the amount of fitra is given as charity. According to the Shafi’i sect, the person who wears clothes has the choice of fasting for one day, fasting for three days, and giving alms to six poor people, regardless of the duration. It is not necessary for a day or night to pass for punishment to be required.
Is it permissible to use an umbrella worn over the head while in ihram?
Hz. The Prophet (pbuh) prohibited the man in ihram from using anything to cover his head. Jurisprudents say that the prohibition in question applies to the skullcaps, turbans, etc. that are customarily worn on the head. They said that it is valid for the kind of headscarves that cover the head and stay on the head by itself without the need to hold it by hand. In addition, tents, umbrellas, etc. to protect from the sun. They also stated that it is permissible to use such devices that do not come into contact with the head and do not function to cover the head directly. Although the umbrella worn on the head is called an “umbrella”, it is tied to the head in some way and thus gives the impression of a skullcap or turban worn on the head. For this reason, the use of these “umbrellas” poses a drawback in terms of ihram prohibitions.
What should a woman do if she passes the miqat and enters Mecca without wearing ihram because she is menstruating or postpartum?
According to the Hanafi sect, regardless of the purpose, a person who wants to enter the Harem region for the purpose of performing Hajj or Umrah according to the Shafi’i sect must pass from the Miqat place in ihram. If a person who crosses the Miqat border without wearing Ihram, regardless of the reason, while going to Hajj or Umrah, turns back before starting one of the pilgrimage rituals and enters again from a Miqat place for the Aphaqis, wearing Ihram, there is no penalty. If he does not return, he enters ihram from where he is and sacrifices a sheep or a goat for this behavior. Being menstruating or postpartum does not prevent entering ihram. Therefore, a woman in this state must enter ihram by making the intention and talbiyah without exceeding the miqat limits and without performing the ihram prayer. A menstruating woman is subject to the same rules as other pilgrims in all pilgrimage procedures except circumambulation.
What should a person do after entering Ihram who wears clothes for a day without performing tawaf or sa’y because he is ill?
A person in ihram who wears clothes because he is sick, as soon as he recovers, puts on ihram clothes again and performs tawaf and sa’yin. If the time he spends in clothes covers a day or a night (about 12 hours or more), he can choose one of the options of one dem (slaughtering a sheep or goat), fasting for three days, or giving alms of six fitras as punishment. If it is less than a day or a night, then the person has the choice between fasting for a day or giving alms. If this person wishes, he can also slaughter a small animal.
Can compression stockings and corsets be worn while in ihram?
It is permissible for a person in ihram to wear compression socks if he has an excuse. If a compression sock covers the entire foot and part of the leg like a normal sock, it will be considered as clothing and will require punishment. Because although being excused makes it permissible to wear these socks, it does not reduce the obligation of atonement. If the person in this situation exceeds one day or one night, he/she can benefit from his/her right of choice; Adam pays atonement by choosing one of the options of fasting for three days or giving alms of one fitra to six poor people. If it does not exceed this period, it will be sufficient to give alms of one fitra. If it is not like a full sock and covers less than half of the foot and part of the leg, then it will be considered as a bandage and will not require any punishment. Because a bandage or cloth that a person in ihram wraps anywhere other than his head and face is not considered clothing.
It is permissible for a person in ihram who has an excuse to wear a corset. If the corset is like an athlete and worn that way, it will be considered as clothing and will require punishment. Because although being excused makes it permissible to wear it, it does not reduce the obligation of atonement. If the person in this situation exceeds one day or one night, he/she can benefit from his/her right of choice; Adam pays atonement by choosing one of the options of fasting for three days or giving alms of one fitra to six poor people. If it does not exceed this period, it will be sufficient to give alms of one fitra. If it is not like a full athlete and is worn around the waist or somewhere else, then it will be considered as a bandage and will not require any punishment. Because a bandage or cloth that a person in ihram wraps anywhere other than his head and face is not considered clothing.
What should a person do if he wears clothes during the day or night without any excuse, even though he has entered the ihram for Umrah?
The person in this situation must first take off his clothes, put on the ihram covers and perform tawaf and sa’yin. However, for wearing clothes during a day or night while in ihram, a dem (sheep or goat) is required as punishment. According to the Shafi’i sect, one day or night does not have to pass for the punishment to be required, and one can choose one of the options of slaughtering a dem (sheep or goat), fasting for three days, or giving alms in the amount of six fitras as punishment.
What should happen to a person who wears clothes without shaving his hair even though he is at the stage of coming out of ihram?
Can a person in ihram use soap or detergent while bathing and washing clothes?
To get out of ihram, it is necessary to have a haircut. A person who wears clothes without shaving even though he is at the stage of leaving ihram is considered to be prohibited from ihram. If the wearing of clothes continued for a day or a night, dem (slaughtering a sheep or goat); If the duration of clothing is less than one day or one night, it is necessary to give alms of one fitra. According to the Shafi’i sect, benefiting from the rights of choice; As a punishment, one can choose one of the options of fasting for one day, three days, or giving alms of six fitras.
Hair conditioner etc. for the person in ihram. What is the ruling on using things?
It is not permissible for a person in ihram to use perfume as long as he is in ihram. If this person puts something scented on one of his limbs completely or on various parts of his limb, he is dem (slaughtering a sheep or goat); If he applies this to less than one limb, he must give alms of one fitra. Cleaning materials that use essences in their production, such as scented soap or wet wipes, are used for cleaning purposes rather than applying scent. For this reason, although it is recommended to use odorless cleaning materials, using these substances while in ihram does not require any penalty.
What should a person do if he shaves his hair after putting on ihram for Hajj without doing any of the rituals of Hajj?
Shaving the entire beard or at least a quarter of it while in ihram; Shaving less requires one fitre amount of charity. According to the Shafii sect, they can benefit from their right of choice; As punishment, one can choose one of the options of one dem (slaughtering a sheep or goat), fasting for three days, or giving alms in the amount of six fitras.
What should a person do if he shaves his beard while in ihram?
It is sunnah to first shave your hair and then perform the circumambulation. If this order is not followed, circumcision will be abandoned, but no penalty is required.
A person who forgets to shave his hair after putting on ihram for Umrah and performing tawaf and sa’y must shave his head as soon as he remembers. If there are ihram prohibitions violated during this period, the person must pay the penalty according to the situation of the violated prohibition.
What should a person do if he performs the tawaf and sa’in of Umrah and forgets to shave his hair?
What should a person do if he cleans his pubic or armpit hair while in ihram?
A person who cleans at least one of the armpits or all of the pubic hair must be punished by slaughtering a sheep or a goat. According to the Shafi’i sect, such a person can benefit from the rights of choice; Adam can choose one of the options of fasting for three days or giving alms of six fitras.
Can a person in ihram shave the hair of a person who is ready to come out of ihram?
A person who has reached the point of getting out of ihram during Hajj or Umrah can shave someone who is about to get out of ihram, or someone else who is not in ihram, and there is no penalty for this.
What is the ruling on a person in ihram cutting his nails or plucking a nail that is about to break off?
It is forbidden for a person in ihram to cut his nails. If he cuts his nails, punishment is required; The penalty varies depending on the amount charged. Namely; In case of cutting all the nails at once (at the same time and in the same place) or all the nails of a hand or a foot, one dem (slaughtering a sheep or a goat) is required. If some of the nails of a hand or foot are cut, but not all, charity is given for each nail cut. If all the nails of each hand and foot are cut at different places and times, separate punishment is required for each. If the total amount of alms to be given exceeds the cost of one sheep or goat, instead of one alms for each hoof, one dam can be given for the whole, if desired. Plucking or cutting nails that break or break off on their own does not require punishment.
When it is time to leave Ihram, can I leave Ihram by shaving the beard?
To get out of ihram, it is necessary to have a haircut. By shaving the beard before doing this, the person does not come out of ihram; If the entire beard or at least a quarter of it is shaved, it is necessary to slaughter a sheep or goat. According to the Shafi’i sect, such a person can benefit from the rights of choice; As a punishment, one can choose one of the options of fasting for one day, three days, or giving alms of six fitras.
What is the ruling on a person in ihram shaving or plucking his body hair?
It is forbidden for a person in ihram to shave or pluck his body hair. If he shaves or plucks hair from his body; He pays a fine according to the amount he shaves or plucks. However, nothing is required for hair or bristles that fall off on their own.
What is the ruling on entering Ihram for a second Umrah before the first Umrah is completed and what is required for this person?
It is makruh to enter Ihram for a second Umrah before the first Umrah is completed. In this case, the following situations occur: If a person enters ihram for a second Umrah before completing the first Umrah, he cancels his second Umrah and first completes the first Umrah and leaves ihram by shaving. Then, he makes up for the Umrah which he canceled. Dam is required because it cancels the second Umrah. If, after performing the tawaf and sa’in of his first Umrah, he enters Ihram for the second Umrah before shaving; In this case, he must complete his second Umrah. However, Adam is required because it combines two Umrahs. If he shaved before completing the second Umrah, then two shaves are required, one because it violates the prohibition of Ihram and the other because it combines the two Umrahs.
Should a child who has not reached puberty pay ransom for Hajj murders? Are Temettu and Kıran responsible for their gifts?
Parents who perform Hajj or Umrah with their child who has not reached puberty should be careful to ensure that their child does not violate the prohibitions of Ihram. Despite this, it has been discussed among jurists whether ransom is necessary if the child violates one of the prohibitions of ihram. According to Hanafi jurists, prohibitions committed by a minor, whether intentionally or unintentionally, do not require ransom. According to Shafi’i jurists, if a qualified child knowingly commits a prohibition of ihram, his guardian must pay ransom on his behalf. No ransom is required for prohibitions committed by forgetting or mistake. In order for the gift of gratitude given due to the temettu and kira pilgrimage to be obligatory, the person must be intelligent and adolescent. For this reason, it is not necessary to cut the hedy for a child who performs the Temettu or Kıran Hajj together with his/her guardian.
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